Duyular dışı algılama

Duyular dışı algılama veya altıncı his, parapsikologların telepati, durugörü, prekognisyon gibi beş duyunun ötesindeki her türlü paranormal algılamaları belirtmek üzere kullandıkları bir terim olup, Türkçede DDA veya DDİ (duyular dışı idrak) kısaltmasıyla, İngilizcede ise ESP (extra-sensory perception) kısaltmasıyla ifade edilir. Bilimsel konsensüs, duyular dışı algılamanın bilimsel bir olgu olmadığı yönündedir.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7] Terim ilk kez 1870'te Sir Richard Burton tarafından kullanılmış, 1930'larda J.B. Rhine tarafından popüler hale getirilmiştir.

Bruce Willis'in baş rolde oynadığı Altıncı His adlı sinema filminde ise bir çocuğun ölmüş insanların ruhlarını görebilme kabiliyetini konu olarak ele almaktadır.

Kaynakça

^ Cogan, Robert. (1998). Critical Thinking: Step by Step. University Press of America. p. 227. 978-0761810674 "When an experiment can't be repeated and get the same result, this tends to show that the result was due to some error in experimental procedure, rather than some real causal process. ESP experiments simply have not turned up any repeatable paranormal phenomena."
^ Wynn, Charles M; Wiggins, Arthur W. (2001). Quantum Leaps in the Wrong Direction: Where Real Science Ends... and Pseudoscience Begins. Joseph Henry Press. p. 165. 978-0309073097 "Extrasensory perception and psychokinesis fail to fulfill the requirements of the scientific method. They therefore must remain pseudoscientific concepts until methodological flaws in their study are eliminated, and repeatable data supporting their existence are obtained."
^ Zechmeister, Eugene B; Johnson, James E. (1992). Critical Thinking: A Functional Approach. Brooks/Cole Pub. Co. p. 115. 0534165966 "There exists no good scientific evidence for the existence of paranormal phenomena such as ESP. To be acceptable to the scientific community, evidence must be both valid and reliable."
^ Rothman, Milton A. (1988). A Physicist's Guide to Skepticism. Prometheus Books. p. 193. 978-0-87975-440-2 "Transmission of information through space requires transfer of energy from one place to another. Telepathy requires transmission of an energy-carrying signal directly from one mind to another. All descriptions of ESP imply violations of conservation of energy in one way or another, as well as violations of all the principles of information theory and even of the principle of causality. Strict application of physical principles requires us to say that ESP is impossible."
^ Myers, David. (2004). Intuition: Its Powers and Perils. Yale University Press. p. 233. 0-300-09531-7 "After thousands of experiments, no reproducible ESP phenomenon has ever been discovered, nor has any researcher produced any individual who can convincingly demonstrate psychic ability."
^ Shermer, Michael (2003)."Psychic drift: Why most scientists do not believe in ESP and psi phenomena" 12 Eylül 2016 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.. Scientific American 288: 2. Şablon:Retrieved
^ Stein, Gordon. (1996). The Encyclopedia of the Paranormal. Prometheus Books. p. 249. 1-57392-021-5 "Mainstream science is on the whole very dubious about ESP, and the only way that most scientists will be persuaded is by a demonstration that can be generally reproduced by neutral or even skeptical scientists. This is something that parapsychology has never succeeded in producing."

Parapsikoloji ile ilgili bu madde taslak seviyesindedir. Madde içeriğini genişleterek Vikipedi'ye katkı sağlayabilirsiniz.

[1] Cogan, Robert. (1998). Critical Thinking: Step by Step. University Press of America. p. 227. 978-0761810674 "When an experiment can't be repeated and get the same result, this tends to show that the result was due to some error in experimental procedure, rather than some real causal process. ESP experiments simply have not turned up any repeatable paranormal phenomena."

[2] Wynn, Charles M; Wiggins, Arthur W. (2001). Quantum Leaps in the Wrong Direction: Where Real Science Ends... and Pseudoscience Begins. Joseph Henry Press. p. 165. 978-0309073097 "Extrasensory perception and psychokinesis fail to fulfill the requirements of the scientific method. They therefore must remain pseudoscientific concepts until methodological flaws in their study are eliminated, and repeatable data supporting their existence are obtained."

[3] Zechmeister, Eugene B; Johnson, James E. (1992). Critical Thinking: A Functional Approach. Brooks/Cole Pub. Co. p. 115. 0534165966 "There exists no good scientific evidence for the existence of paranormal phenomena such as ESP. To be acceptable to the scientific community, evidence must be both valid and reliable."

[4] Rothman, Milton A. (1988). A Physicist's Guide to Skepticism. Prometheus Books. p. 193. 978-0-87975-440-2 "Transmission of information through space requires transfer of energy from one place to another. Telepathy requires transmission of an energy-carrying signal directly from one mind to another. All descriptions of ESP imply violations of conservation of energy in one way or another, as well as violations of all the principles of information theory and even of the principle of causality. Strict application of physical principles requires us to say that ESP is impossible."

[5] Myers, David. (2004). Intuition: Its Powers and Perils. Yale University Press. p. 233. 0-300-09531-7 "After thousands of experiments, no reproducible ESP phenomenon has ever been discovered, nor has any researcher produced any individual who can convincingly demonstrate psychic ability."

[6] Shermer, Michael (2003)."Psychic drift: Why most scientists do not believe in ESP and psi phenomena" 12 Eylül 2016 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.. Scientific American 288: 2. Şablon:Retrieved

[7] Stein, Gordon. (1996). The Encyclopedia of the Paranormal. Prometheus Books. p. 249. 1-57392-021-5 "Mainstream science is on the whole very dubious about ESP, and the only way that most scientists will be persuaded is by a demonstration that can be generally reproduced by neutral or even skeptical scientists. This is something that parapsychology has never succeeded in producing."

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