Hemiptera
Hemiptera, Insecta sınıfına bağlı bir hayvan takımıdır.[2][3][4]
Hemiptera | |||||||||
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Korunma durumu | |||||||||
Değerlendirilmedi (IUCN 3.1) | |||||||||
Biyolojik sınıflandırma | |||||||||
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Taksonomi
değiştirHemiptera takımına bağlı familyalar (2024):
- Acanaloniidae
- Acanthococcidae
- Acanthosomatidae
- Acanthosomites
- Achilidae
- Achilixiidae
- Aclerdidae
- Adelgidae
- Aenictopecheidae
- Aepophilidae
- Aetalionidae
- Agalliidae
- Albicoccidae
- Aleyrodidae
- Alydidae
- Aneuridae
- Anoecidae
- Anoeciidae
- Anthocephalidae
- Anthocoridae
- Anthocoridea
- Aphalaridae
- Aphelocheiridae
- Aphididae
- Aphrodidae
- Aphrophoridae
- Aphrophorides
- Aphylidae
- Apiomorphidae
- Apticoccidae
- Aradidae
- Aradiens
- Archegocimicidae
- Archescytinidae
- Archiconiopterygidae
- Archijassidae
- Arnoldidae
- Artheneidae
- Artheneina
- Asiaticaphididae
- Asterolecaniidae
- Aviorrhynchidae
- Bajsaphididae
- Beesoniidae
- Belostomatidae
- Bernacidae
- Bernaeidae
- Berstidae
- Berytidae
- Berytidea
- Berytinidae
- Biturritidae
- Biturritiidae
- Blattoprosbolidae
- Blissidae
- Boreoscytidae
- Burmacoccidae
- Burmitaphididae
- Caliscelidae
- Callaphididae
- Calophyidae
- Caloscelides
- Canadaphididae
- Canopidae
- Cantacaderidae
- Carayonemidae
- Carsidaridae
- Catacanderidae
- Ceratocombidae
- Cercopida
- Cercopidae
- Cercopionidae
- Cerococcidae
- Chaitophoridae
- Chiliocyclidae
- Cicadellidae
- Cicadidae
- Cicadoprosbolidae
- Cimicidae
- Cimicides
- Cixiidae
- Clastopteridae
- Coccidae
- Coelostomidiidae
- Coleoscytidae
- Colobathristidae
- Conchaspididae
- Coreidae
- Corixidae
- Creaphididae
- Cretamyzidae
- Cryptococcidae
- Cryptorhamphidae
- Cuneocoridae
- Curaliidae
- Curvicubitidae
- Cydnidae
- Cydnides
- Cymidae
- Cyrtocoridae
- Dactylopiidae
- Delphacidae
- Deltocephalidae
- Derbidae
- Diaspididae
- Dictyopharidae
- Dinglidae
- Dinidoridae
- Dipsocoridae
- Dorytocidae
- Dracaphididae
- Drepanochaitophoridae
- Drepanosiphidae
- Dunstaniidae
- Dysmorphoptilidae
- Ebboidae
- Elasmodemidae
- Electrococcidae
- Elektraphididae
- Ellinaphididae
- Enicocephalidae
- Eoscartarellidae
- Epipygidae
- Eriococcidae
- Eriosomatidae
- Errhomenellidae
- Eumenotidae
- Eurybrachidae
- Eurymelidae
- Evacanthidae
- Flatidae
- Fulgoridae
- Fulgoridiidae
- Galgulidae
- Gallinsecta
- Gelastocoridae
- Genaphididae
- Gengidae
- Geocoridae
- Gerridae
- Granulidae
- Grassyaphididae
- Greenideidae
- Grimaldiellidae
- Grohnidae
- Hadrocoridae
- Halimococcidae
- Hammanococcidae
- Hebridae
- Hebrides
- Hebroveliidae
- Hecalidae
- Helotrephidae
- Henicocoridae
- Hermatobatidae
- Heterogastridae
- Hispanocaderidae
- Hodgsonicoccidae
- Homotomidae
- Hoploridiidae
- Hormaphidae
- Hormaphididae
- Hydrocorisae
- Hydrometraedes
- Hydrometridae
- Hylicellidae
- Hylicidae
- Hyocephalidae
- Hypochthonellidae
- Hypsipterygidae
- Idioceridae
- Idiostolidae
- Ignotalidae
- Ignotingidae
- Ingruidae
- Inkaidae
- Inoderbidae
- Ipsviciidae
- Isolitaphididae
- Isometopidae
- Issidae
- Jascopidae
- Jersicoccidae
- Joppeicidae
- Jubisentidae
- Juraphididae
- Jurocallidae
- Karabasiidae
- Karanabidae
- Katlasidae
- Kermesidae
- Kermesites
- Kermidae
- Kerriidae
- Khatangaphididae
- Kinnaridae
- Kobdocoridae
- Kozariidae
- Kukaspididae
- Kuwaniidae
- Labiococcidae
- Lacciferidae
- Lachnidae
- Lalacidae
- Largidae
- Largides
- Lasiochilidae
- Lebanaphididae
- Lebanococcidae
- Lecaniodiaspididae
- Lecanodiaspididae
- Ledridae
- Leotichiidae
- Leptaphelocheiridae
- Leptopidae
- Leptopodidae
- Leptopodiens
- Lestoniidae
- Liadopsyllidae
- Ligavenidae
- Lithuanicoccidae
- Liviidae
- Lophophidae
- Lophopidae
- Lutevanaphididae
- Lyctocoridae
- Lygaeidae
- Machaerotidae
- Macrodrilidae
- Macroveliidae
- Madeoveliidae
- Magnacicadiidae
- Maguviopseidae
- Malcidae
- Malmopsyllidae
- Marchalinidae
- Margarodidae
- Matsucoccidae
- Medocostidae
- Meenoplidae
- Megarididae
- Melizoderidae
- Membracidae
- Meschiidae
- Mesogereonidae
- Mesojabloniidae
- Mesopentacoridae
- Mesotrephidae
- Mesoveliidae
- Mesozoicaphididae
- Micrococcidae
- Micronectidae
- Microphysidae
- Mimarachnidae
- Mindaridae
- Minlagerrontidae
- Miridae
- Mirides
- Monophlebidae
- Monophlebites
- Myerslopiidae
- Nabidae
- Naibiidae
- Naucoridae
- Neazoniidae
- Neopsylloididae
- Nepidae
- Neucoridae
- Nicomiidae
- Ninidae
- Nirvanidae
- Nogodinidae
- Notonectidae
- Ochteridae
- Omaniidae
- Orthezides
- Ortheziidae
- Oviparosiphidae
- Oxycarenidae
- Pachygronthidae
- Pachymeridiidae
- Pachynomidae
- Palaeoaphididae
- Palaeoleptidae
- Palaeontinidae
- Palaeotanyrhinidae
- Paraknightiidae
- Paraphrynoveliidae
- Paraprotopsyllidiidae
- Parastrachiidae
- Parvaverrucosidae
- Peataspidae
- Peloridiidae
- Pemphigidae
- Pennygullaniidae
- Pentatomidae
- Penthimiidae
- Pereboriidae
- Perforissidae
- Permaleurodidae
- Permoridiidae
- Phacopteronidae
- Phenacoleachiidae
- Phleides
- Phloeidae
- Phoenicococcidae
- Phylloxeridae
- Phymatidae
- Piesmatidae
- Piesmidae
- Piesmides
- Pincombeidae
- Pityococcidae
- Plataspidae
- Plataspididae
- Pleidae
- Plokiophilidae
- Polyctenidae
- Postopsyllidiidae
- Potamocoridae
- Primipentatomidae
- Probascaniidae
- Probascanionidae
- Procercopidae
- Progonocimicidae
- Propreocoridae
- Prosbolidae
- Prosbolopseidae
- Prosbolopsidae
- Protocoridae
- Protopsyllidiidae
- Pseudococcidae
- Pseudonerthridae
- Psyllidae
- Pterocimicidae
- Putoidae
- Pyrrhocoridae
- Pyrrhocorides
- Qinococcidae
- Qiyangiricaniidae
- Rasnitsynaphididae
- Reduviidae
- Retinaphididae
- Rhizoecidae
- Rhopalidae
- Rhyparochromidae
- Rhyparochromides
- Ricanides
- Ricaniidae
- Saldidae
- Saldides
- Scaphocoridae
- Schizopteridae
- Scutelleridae
- Scytinopteridae
- Serafinidae
- Serpentivenidae
- Shaposhnikoviidae
- Shurabellidae
- Simulaphididae
- Sinaphididae
- Sinoalidae
- Sinojuraphididae
- Steingeliidae
- Stemmocryptidae
- Stenocephalidae
- Stenoviciidae
- Stictococcidae
- Surijokocixiidae
- Szeiiniidae
- Szelegiewicziidae
- Tachardiidae
- Taimyrocoridae
- Tajmyraphididae
- Termitaphididae
- Tessaratomidae
- Tesseratomidae
- Tettigarctidae
- Tettigellidae
- Tettigometrae
- Tettigometridae
- Thaumastellidae
- Thaumastocoridae
- Thelaxidae
- Thyreocoridae
- Tibicinidae
- Tingidae
- Torirostratidae
- Torrirostratidae
- Triassoaphididae
- Triassocoridae
- Triozidae
- Trisegmentatidae
- Tropiduchidae
- Ulopidae
- Urostylididae
- Velides
- Veliidae
- Velocipedidae
- Venicoridae
- Vetanthocoridae
- Vianaididae
- Weitschatidae
- Weiwoboidae
- Xishanidae
- Xulsigiidae
- Xylococcidae
- Yetkhatidae
- Yuripopovinidae
Konuyla ilgili yayınlar
değiştir- Linnaeus C., Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1, 1-824 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.542
- Schreber J. C. D., Novae Species Insectorum, 1-16
- Linnaeus C., Fauna Svecica: Sistens Animalia Sveciae Regni: Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes, Distributa per Classes & Ordines, Genera & Species, cum Differentiis Specierum, Synonymis Auctorum, Nominibus Incolarum, Locis Natalium, Descriptionibus Insectorum, 1-578
- Geoffroy E. L., Histoire Abregée des Insectes qui se Trouvent aux Environs de Paris, Tome Premier, 1-523
- Scopoli G. A., Entomologica Carniolica Exhibens Insecta Carnioliae Indigena et Distributa in Ordines, Genera, Species, Varietates Methodo Linnaeana, 1-421
- Müller O. F., Fauna Insectorum Fridrichsdalina, Sive Methodica Descriptio Insectorum Agri Fridrichsdalensis, cum Characteribus Genericis et Specificis, Nominibus Trivialibus, Locis Natalibus, Iconibus Allegatis, Novisque Pluribus Speciebus Additis, 1-96
- Linnaeus C., Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Duodecima 1 2, 533-1327
- Drury D., Illustrations of Natural History. Wherein are Exhibited Upwards of Two Hundred and Forty Figures of Exotic Insects, According to Their Different Genera; Very Few of Which Have Hitherto Been Figured by any Author, Being Engraved and Coloured from Nature, with the Greatest Accuracy, and Under the Author's Own Inspection, on Fifty Copper-Plates. With a Particular Description of each Insect: Interspersed with Remarks and Reflections on the Nature and Properties of Many of Them 1, 1-130
- Forster J. R., Novae Species Insectorum. Centuria I, 1-100
- Fabricius J. C., Systema Entomologiae, Sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species Adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus, 1-832
- Müller O. F., Zoologicae Danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum. Characteres, Nomina et Synonyma Imprimis Popularium, 1-281
- Harris M., An Exposition of English Insects, Including the Several Classes of Neuroptera, Hymenoptera, & Diptera, or Bees, Flies, & Libellulae, 73-166
- Latreille P. A., Précis des Caractères Génériques des Insectes Disposés dans un Ordre Naturel, 1-201
- Fabricius J. C., Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae, 1-572
- Latreille P. A., Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes, Tome Troisième, 1-467
- von Heyden C. Gliederthiere aus der Braunkohle des Niederrhein's, der Wetterau und der Röhn, Palaeontographica 10, 62-82
- Heer O., Die Urwelt der Schweiz, 1-622
- Weyenbergh H. Sur les Insectes fossiles du Calcaire Lithographique de la Bavière, qui se trouvent au Musée Teyler, Archives de Musée Teyler 2, 1-48
- Scudder S. H. The First Discovered Traces of Fossil Insects in the American Tertiaries, Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 3, 741-762
- Scudder S. H. The Tertiary Insects of North America, Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories XIII, 1-734
- Cockerell T. D. A. (1925) Fossil insects in the United States National Museum, Proceedings of the United States National Museum 64 13, 1-15
- Piton L. (1940), Paléontologie du Gisement Éocéne de Menat (Puy-de-Dôme) (Flore et Faune), 1-303
- Statz G. (1950) Cicadariae (Zikaden) aus den Oberoligocanen Ablagerungen von Rott, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 98, 1-46
- Hong Y. C. (1982), Mesozoic Fossil Insects of Jiuquan Basin in Gansu Province, 1-187
- Vega F. J., García-Barrera P., et al (2006) El Espinal, a new plattenkalk facies locality from the Lower Cretaceous Sierra Madre Formation, Chiapas, southeastern Mexico, Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 23 3, 323-333
- Nel P., Azar D., et al (2012) From Carboniferous to Recent: wing venation enlightens evolution of thysanopteran lineage, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10, 385-399
- Misof B., Liu S. L., et al (2014) Phylogenomics resolves the timing and pattern of insect evolution, Science 346, 763-767
- Prokop J., Szwedo J., et al (2015) New Middle Permian insects from Salagou Formation of the Lodève Basin in southern France (Insecta: Pterygota), Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 51, 14-51
- Yoshizawa K., Leinhard C. (2016) Bridging the gap between chewing and sucking in the hemipteroid insects: new insights from Cretaceous amber, Zootaxa 4079, 229-245
- Johnson K. P., Dietrich C. H., et al (2018) Phylogenomics and the evolution of hemipteroid insects, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences doi:10.1073/pnas.1815820115
Kaynakça
değiştir- ^ Wang, Yan-hui; Engel, Michael S.; Rafael, José A.; Wu, Hao-yang; Rédei, Dávid; ve diğerleri. (2016). "Fossil record of stem groups employed in evaluating the chronogram of insects (Arthropoda: Hexapoda)". Scientific Reports. Cilt 6. s. 38939. Bibcode:2016NatSR...638939W. doi:10.1038/srep38939. PMC 5154178 $2. PMID 27958352.
- ^ "ITIS". 30 Ekim 2013 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 14 Ağustos 2023.
- ^ "GBIF". 8 Aralık 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 17 Mart 2024.
- ^ "PaleoBioDB". 18 Mart 2024 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 17 Mart 2024.
Dış bağlantılar
değiştir- Wikimedia Commons'ta Hemiptera ile ilgili çoklu ortam belgeleri bulunur.
- Vikitür'de Hemiptera ile ilgili ayrıntılı taksonomik bilgiler bulunur.
Insecta ile ilgili bu madde taslak seviyesindedir. Madde içeriğini genişleterek Vikipedi'ye katkı sağlayabilirsiniz. |